Josh Perez Fitness

By having some helpful knowledge for stretching we can increase performance and results. Weightlifting is a sport that requires a tremendous amount of flexibility. Any lack of flexibility in major muscles or joints like the shoulder, elbows, hips, wrists and lower legs will limit your potential. Therefor you should be familiar and consistent with different stretching methods and understand the function of the muscles and joints involved.

In weightlifting, training increases your strength, and it’s due to the organism adapting over time, to the added stress. Flexibility training works in the same manner. Consistency and exceeding the existing range of motion are responsible for increases in flexibility. So the body’s natural adaptive responses is to increase flexibility in the active joints.

Joint Flexibility & Limitations:

1. Lack of elasticity of connective tissues
2. Muscle Tension
3. Lack of coordination and strength during movement
4. Bone and joint structure limitations
5. Pain

Also, to increase your range of motion of a joint, stretching must accomplish 1 of 3 things:

1. Increase the extensibility of connective tissue
2. Increase inter-muscular coordination
3. Increase intra-muscular coordination

Types & Varieties of Stretching

There are numerous recognized forms of stretching through out the fitness world and each type of stretch is specific to your different need and or goal. I will define the big 3: Static, Ballistic and Passive/ Active. Whichever method is going to be used, the possibility of injury depends on several factors including intensity, duration, frequency and velocity.

Static:

Static stretching is an effective and popular technique that is often taught in P.E. classes ranging from junior high all the way through the professional sports world. It involves a holding a position for a period of time, typically between 10 and 30 seconds, and which you could repeat or not. Static stretching involves total control, little or no movement, and minimal to zero velocity of the movement. The benefits of static stretching includes scientific research supporting the increase of range of motion, and minimal to no muscle soreness. Everyone can benefit from static stretching.

Ballistic:

Ballistic stretching involves movement in a dynamic (moving) fashion. Many athletes such as martial artists, gymnasts, and NFL players use ballistic stretches as a warm-up where movement through a full range of motion is necessary. Also, numerous amounts of weightlifting athletes incorporate ballistic stretches to prepare tendons, ligaments, and the musculature around the major joints for external load bearing exercises. These sport specific stretches and movements are effective in improving flexibility and mobility. Some examples of this are:

• Leg swings
• Arm circles
• Kicks

Here are some disadvantages to ballistic stretching (Yes they do exist):

1. Inadequate tissue adaptation – if tissue is stretched too rapidly, lasting flexibility cannot be optimally developed.
2. Soreness resulting from injury – if the ballistic movements are high in amplitude, slight tearing or stretching injuries may occur in your muscle
3. Initiation of the stretch reflex – if a sudden stretch is applied to the muscle, a reflex action is initiated causing the muscle to contract. This causes an increase in muscle tension and a decrease in stretching ability.

Passive – Active:

With this passive – active stretching, generally you have a partner who helps guide you through this stretch. Your partner does all of the manipulation and this will benefit both of you in a few ways.

1. Positive feedback from your partner
2. Reduces boredom
3. Helps familiarize you with a stretching program

One of the top books that I have found to help guide you through the “correct” way of stretching for your goal is titled “The Dynamic Flexibility Manual.” This manual will answer all of your questions and it illustrates images on how to perform the stretches. I have the book listed below: